Industrial microbiology is primary associated with the commercial of microorganisms, and involves processes and products that are of major economic, environmental and gregarious consequentiality throughout the world. Microbiology is a basic subject which is a sub section of biology. It deals with the life cycles and behavior of microbes. Biotechnology is a wider subject and covers most of the microbiology in it. Some easily understandable examples from biotech are mutation, breeding and cloning. Development of vaccines is a microbiological application in biotechnology. Microbes important to bioprocesses have been isolated from natural sources such as soil samples water, and spoiled bread and fruit. Cultures from various sources were examined in order to identify strains with desirable char-acteristics. Industrial biotechnology, also known as white biotechnology, is the application of biotechnology for industrial purpose. It is also redefined as bioprocess technology. When our early ancestors made alcoholic beverages, they used a bioprocess. Bioprocess technology is an extension of ancient techniques for developing useful pro ducts by taking advantage of natural biological activities such as production of enzymes (used, for example, in food processing and waste management) and antibiotics. Use of living material advantages over con ventional chemical methods of production. This book is directed towards undergraduates and beginning graduate students in microbiology, food science and chemical engineering. Those studying pharmacy, biochemistry and general biology will find it of interest. The field of industrial microbiology involves a thorough knowledge of the microbial physiology behind the processes in the large scale, profit oriented production of microbe related goods which are the subject of the field.